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wrinkled

Terms discussed: corrugate (pl. corrugated), imbricate (surface texture), plicate, plicate-striate, reticulate, reticulation (pl. reticulations), reticulum, rugose, rugulose, striate, striation (pl. striations), sulcate, translucent-striate, tuberculate-striate




The reticulate stem of Boletus edulis
Boletus edulis
Rugose is the technical term meaning that a surface is wrinkled. Corrugate (or corrugated) is a synonym. Rugulose means finely or slightly wrinkled; as used in this website, it refers to the sort of slight puckering that paper exhibits when it has been wetted and then left to dry

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A reticulate surface has ridges (or sometimes just color changes) that mark out rectangles on the surface. Actually, any kind of clear marking out of cells of some shape will do; the markings on the stem in the picture are just regular enough to be considered reticulations. In some cases, the ridges that form the pattern are called a reticulum. Something that's called a reticulum is often not as regular as reticulations

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Image of Amanita vaginata from Abbé Giacomo Bresadola (1927 - 1960) Iconographia mycologica
Amanita vaginata
Another special kind of wrinkle in the cap is the striation. Often, the top surface of the pileus will collapse against the gills (usually at the margin), producing a zone of short, parallel ridges that are called striations.

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Image of Russula amoenolens from Jean Louis Émile Boudier (1904 - 1909) Icones mycologicae ou iconographie des champignons de France, principalement Discomycètes
Russula amoenolens
If the ridges forming the striations are not smooth, but instead are made up of rows of little bumps, the margin is said to be tuberculate-striate.


Image of Hygrocybe psittacina from Jean Louis Émile Boudier (1904 - 1909) Icones mycologicae ou iconographie des champignons de France, principalement Discomycètes
Hygrocybe psittacina
Sometimes the cap margin is translucent, and the gills can be seen through it, creating a pattern that looks striate even though the surface of the cap is smooth. Such a cap is said to be translucent-striate.

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Image of Melanoleuca alboflavida from A. M. Hussey (1847 - 1855) Illustrations of British mycology
Melanoleuca alboflavida

If the stalk has similar ridges running from top to bottom, it is also called striate. Most sources call this longitudinally striate, to indicate that the ridges run along the length of the stem. But that's pretty much the only type of striations a stem has, so in this website I just leave the "longitudinally" out.

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Image of Bolbitius titubans from Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck (1816 - 1817) Das System der Pilze und Schwämme
Bolbitius titubans
A cap that is pleated, like a skirt or a fan, is said to be plicate. Something that's not quite plicate, but more like pleats than simply striate, is called sulcate. This picture of Bolbitius titubans shows a sulcate cap margin. (I don't have a good picture for plicate right now)
Sometimes the term plicate-striate is used; I consider this a synonym for sulcate.

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Image of Sarcodon imbricatus from Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck (1816 - 1817) Das System der Pilze und Schwämme
Sarcodon imbricatus
A surface with a texture formed by overlapping (or not quite overlapping) layers of tissue is said to be imbricate, as in Sarcodon imbricatus

 

 


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